feat: add kang program which interpret english number and translate to integer value
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197
Makefile
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Makefile
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#!/bin/make
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# 2001 makefile
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#
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# Copyright (C) Simon Cooper, Landon Curt Noll, Peter Seebach, 2001.
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# All Rights Reserved. Permission for personal, educational or non-profit
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# use is granted provided this this copyright and notice are included in its
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# entirety and remains unaltered. All other uses must receive prior permission
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# from the contest judges.
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SHELL= /bin/sh
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CAT= cat
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RM= rm
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SED= sed
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TRUE= true
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# optimization
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#
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# Most compiles will safely use -O2. Some can use only -O.
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# A few compilers have broken optimizers and thus you may
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# not want anything.
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#
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#OPT=
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#OPT= -O
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OPT= -O2
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# flags for ANSI compiles
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#
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# NOTE: Some ANSI compilers make use of -Xa to turn on ANSI mode,
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# others such as gcc may want -ansi, others (Compaq Tru64 Unix)
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# want -std1, and others may want nothing at all.
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# Adjust the CFLAGS line as needed.
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#
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# NOTE: Some compilers cannot optimize, or optimize some entries
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# incorrectly. You might want to turn on -O to see if your
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# compiler can handle them.
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#
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#
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#CFLAGS= -Xa ${OPT}
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#CFLAGS= -std1 $(OPT)
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CFLAGS= -ansi ${OPT}
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# NOTE: On some systems, the library path does not include the location
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# of the X11 libraries. You might need to use a -L/path/to/X11/lib/dir
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# in order to compile with these libs.
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#
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X11CCFLAGS= -I/usr/X11R6/include -I/usr/X11R6/include/X11 -I/usr/include/X11
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#X11CCFLAGS=
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X11LDFLAGS= -L/usr/X11R6/lib -Wl,-R/usr/X11R6/lib
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#X11LDFLAGS=
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# ANSI compiler
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#
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# Set CC to the name of your ANSI compiler.
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#
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# Some entries seem to need gcc. If you have gcc, set
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# both CC and MAY_NEED_GCC to gcc.
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#
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# If you do not have gcc, set CC to the name of your ANSI compiler, and
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# set MAY_NEED_GCC to either ${CC} (and hope for the best) or to just :
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# to disable such programs.
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#
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CC= cc
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MAY_NEED_GCC= gcc
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# winners that compile under ANSI C
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#
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WINNERS= anonymous bellard bellard.otccex cheong coupard \
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ctk dgbeards herrmann1 herrmann2 jason kev ollinger rosten \
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schweikh westley williams
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ALT_NAMES= westley.orig
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DATA_FILES= anonymous_files bellard_files herrmann1_files herrmann2_files
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all: ${WINNERS}
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# Most likely to amaze
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#
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anonymous: anonymous.c
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magic='${MAY_NEED_GCC} -O1'; \
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X='-DA(X)=#X'; \
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warning='-pedantic -Dprocessor'; \
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$$magic $$warning -Dmagic= $$X "-DX=A($$magic \"$$X\")" \
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-o anonymous anonymous.c
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anonymous_files: anonymous.ten.c
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# Best abuse of the rules
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#
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bellard: bellard.c
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${CC} -rdynamic ${CFLAGS} bellard.c -o bellard -ldl
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bellard_files: bellard.otccex.c
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# Best short program
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#
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cheong: cheong.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} cheong.c -o cheong
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# Most obfuscated sound
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#
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coupard: coupard.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} -o coupard coupard.c
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# Worst Driver
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#
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ctk: ctk.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} -o ctk ctk.c
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# Worst AI
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#
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dgbeards: dgbeards.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} -DE=break -DF=char -DK=case -DP=int -DR=return \
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-DI=0xFFFF dgbeards.c -o dgbeards
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# Best abuse of the C preprocessor
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#
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herrmann1: herrmann1.c herrmann1.sh
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@echo "NOTE: $@ must be built/run using the script $@.sh"
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${SHELL} ./herrmann1.sh
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herrmann1_files: herrmann1.gcd herrmann1.sh herrmann1.times2
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# Most eye-crossing
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#
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# This entry requires the GCC -include feature.
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#
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herrmann2: herrmann2.c
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${MAY_NEED_GCC} ${CFLAGS} herrmann2.c -o herrmann2 \
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-include /usr/include/stdlib.h -include /usr/include/stdio.h \
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-include /usr/include/time.h -include /usr/include/unistd.h
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herrmann2_files: herrmann2.cup herrmann2.ioccc
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# Best Of Show
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#
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jason: jason.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} -o jason jason.c
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# Best Curses Game
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#
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kev: kev.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} -DPORT=5455 -DSPEED=50 -o kev kev.c \
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-lcurses -ltermcap \
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-Dl_="socket(il.sin_family=AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)"
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# Best primal ASCII graphics
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#
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ollinger: ollinger.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} ollinger.c -o ollinger
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# Best abuse of the user
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#
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rosten: rosten.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} rosten.c ${X11CCFLAGS} ${X11LDFLAGS} -pedantic -lX11 \
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-o rosten
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# Best one-liner
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#
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schweikh: schweikh.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} schweikh.c -o schweikh
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# Best position-independant code
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#
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westley: westley.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} westley.c -o westley
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westley.orig: westley.orig.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} westley.orig.c -o westley.orig
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# Best position-independant code
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#
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williams: williams.c
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${CC} williams.c ${X11CCFLAGS} ${X11LDFLAGS} -lX11 -o williams
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everything: ${WINNERS} ${ALT_NAMES} ${DATA_FILES}
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love:
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@echo 'not war?'
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haste:
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${MAKE} waste
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waste:
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@echo 'waste'
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clean:
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${RM} -f *.o a.out core ${WINNERS}
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clobber: clean
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${RM} -f ${WINNERS}
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${RM} -f ${ALT_NAMES}
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nuke: clobber
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@${TRUE}
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install: all
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${CAT} ${WINNERS} ${ALT_NAMES} > /dev/null
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160
hint.text
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hint.text
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# Best short program
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Seonghoon Kang
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<kang.seonghoon@mearie.org>
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## Judges' comments:
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### To build:
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make kang
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### To run:
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echo "full spelling of an English cardinal numeral less than a quadrillion" | ./kang
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### Try:
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echo Nineteen hundred and eighty-four | ./kang
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echo uno | ./kang
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echo trois | ./kang
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echo fier | ./kang
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echo "shest'" | ./kang
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### Selected Judges Remarks:
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The judges were able to appreciate the Indo-European language family
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relation by making this entry successfully recognize *some* French,
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German, Italian, Russian, and Spanish numerals.
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Also worth mentioning is this entry's ability to understand the
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colloquial year numbers of the last millennium.
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We've added a linefeed to the print format for convenience.
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## Author's comments:
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## Synopsis
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This short program reads a spelt number (e.g. `forty-two`) and writes a
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corresponding decimal number (e.g. `42`). Too long for one-liners, alas,
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but it still qualifies as a *short* program as it has less than 0x100 bytes.
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It accepts a variety of spelt numbers:
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* It correctly handles `zero`.
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* Hyphen does not make a difference: `forty-two` and `forty two` are same.
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So does period or comma.
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* Cases do not make a difference either: `TWO`, `Two`, `two` are same.
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* `one` and `a` are interchangeable: `one hundred` and `a hundred` are same.
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* `and` is optional: `one hundred twenty-three` and `one hundred and twenty-three`
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are same.
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* It supports every non-negative integer less than 10<sup>15</sup>-1. It uses
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the small scale (i.e. American): `billion` is 10<sup>9</sup> and `trillion` is
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10<sup>12</sup>.
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* Sometimes, it can magically correct typos.
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It does *not* accept some spelt numbers, which I found mostly irrelevant:
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* A bare `hundred`, `thousand` etc. do not work.
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* `one million million` does not work. Get used to `one trillion`!
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## Requirements
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This program is quite portable, only requiring the following:
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* The signature `int main(int, int)` should be accepted by the linker. (Original
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version only)
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* `char` should be at least 8 bits long (as dictated by the standard), `int`
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should be at least 32 bits long, `long long` should be at least 64 bits long.
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* Both the compiler and execution environment should use an ASCII-compatible
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character set and two's complement representation.
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* Overflow and underflow on `char` should wrap around, if your `char` is unsigned.
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* [A trustworthy compiler][trustingtrust].
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[trustingtrust]: http://cm.bell-labs.com/who/ken/trust.html
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The design of the program explicitly allows for `EOF` which does not equal to -1
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(it has to be negative per the standard) and both signed and unsigned `char`,
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for example. Furthermore it is endian-independent.
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## Obfuscations (SPOILERS!)
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Many obfuscations used are typical for standard IOCCC entries:
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* Two arguments from `main` function are reused as normal variables.
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* Every conditional has been replaced with `?:` ternary operator and `||`
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short-circuiting operator.
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* It has exactly three nested `for` loops and nothing else.
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* Common two's complement tricks: `~-a` instead of `a-1`,
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`~a?...:...` instead of `a!=-1?...:...`, etc.
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* Comma operators (`,`) for multiple statements. The number of them is
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minimized, however, as it is too easy to (ab)use them.
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* It lacks most parentheses around bitwise and arithmetic operators. It was
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originally written for shortness so parentheses were **EVIL**.
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* `n["string"]` instead of `"string"[n]`. Both are fine for this program but
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I went to the former just for fun.
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* Utter lack of any kind of layouts. (Oh, except for the first column.)
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Other obfuscations are more subtle:
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* The string `"1+DIY/.K430x9G(kC["` is 18 bytes long, but actually 19 bytes
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including the final null character are used.
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* It internally represents numbers as hexadecimal. When the input is `two
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hundred and three`, it actually writes 0x203 as hexadecimal.
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* Some variables (notably, `n`) have dual uses.
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* The magic number [42][hhgg] makes an appearance.
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* It has a long long numb-`main`-er within it!
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[hhgg]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Answer_to_The_Ultimate_Question_of_Life,_the_Universe,_and_Everything
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But the most important obfuscation is the clever construction of lookup table.
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The program uses 11 different characters required for recognizing 22 lexemes:
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zero one tw- th(i)r- fo(u)r- fi- six-
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seven- eigh- nin- ten eleven twelve
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hundred(s) thousand(s) million(s) billion(s) trillion(s)
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a and -teen -ty
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So that they are internally represented as like:
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r n tw- tr- fr- f- s-
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sn- g- nn- tn ln twl
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nr(s) tsan(s) lln(s) blln(s) trlln(s)
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a an -tn -ty
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The stemmer recognizes the longest matching prefix, so every lexeme can be
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recognized by at most three characters (e.g. `trl` instead of `trlln`). This is
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also handy for ignoring plurals. But that would make that the table does not fit
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in the printable byte---11<sup>2</sup> is already almost 2<sup>7</sup>!
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The trick is to use octal; three characters (`a`, `b` and `g`) are interpreted
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as sequences of two characters (`ny`, `nn` and `nw` respectively). Asides from
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a smaller lookup table, it has many good consequences:
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* Both `a` and `and` share the common prefix, `ny`, and can be discarded
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altogether. Note that `ny` itself does not appear from other entries.
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* `thousand` is interpreted as `tsan`, which is equivalent to `tfyn` in the
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octal scheme. As it is the only entry with `tf` prefix, it can be shorten by
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one character.
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Having said this important trick, other details should be relatively easier to
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follow. The order of lookup table, for example, is very important,
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and the biggest constant 6177 is not arbitrarily chosen.
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## Acknowledgement
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The cleaner (size-optimized) version of this program was originally published
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in my website in July 2011. Sun Park and others have reviewed it and let me
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aware of possible improvements. I'd also like to thank Seo Sanghyeon for
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proof-reading remarks.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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<!--
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(c) Copyright 1984-2015, [Leo Broukhis, Simon Cooper, Landon Curt Noll][judges] - All rights reserved
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This work is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License][cc].
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[judges]: http://www.ioccc.org/judges.html
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[cc]: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
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-->
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11
kang.c
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11
kang.c
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#include <stdio.h>
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long long n,u,m,b;main(e,r)char **r;
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{for(;n++||(e=getchar()|32)>=0;
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b="ynwtsflrabg"[n%=11]-e?b:b*8+n)
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for(r=b%64-25;e<47&&b;b/=8)for(n=19
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;n;n["1+DIY/.K430x9\
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G(kC["]-42&255^b||(m+=n>15?n:n>9
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?m%u*~-u:~(int)r?n+
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!(int)r*16:n*16,b=0))u=1ll<<6177%n
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--*4;
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printf("%llx\n",m);}
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