398 lines
17 KiB
HTML
398 lines
17 KiB
HTML
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<html lang="en"><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><link href="./images/docs-stylesheet.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><title>Apache Tomcat 8 (8.0.53) - SSI How To</title><meta name="author" content="Glenn L. Nielsen"><script type="application/javascript" data-comments-identifier="tomcat-8.0-doc/ssi-howto">
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</script></head><body><div id="wrapper"><header><div id="header"><div><div><div class="logo noPrint"><a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/"><img alt="Tomcat Home" src="./images/tomcat.png"></a></div><div style="height: 1px;"></div><div class="asfLogo noPrint"><a href="https://www.apache.org/" target="_blank"><img src="./images/asf-logo.svg" alt="The Apache Software Foundation" style="width: 266px; height: 83px;"></a></div><h1>Apache Tomcat 8</h1><div class="versionInfo">
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Version 8.0.53,
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<time datetime="2018-06-29">Jun 29 2018</time></div><div style="height: 1px;"></div><div style="clear: left;"></div></div></div></div></header><div id="middle"><div><div id="mainLeft" class="noprint"><div><nav><div><h2>Links</h2><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="https://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul></div><div><h2>User Guide</h2><ul><li><a href="introduction.html">1) Introduction</a></li><li><a href="setup.html">2) Setup</a></li><li><a href="appdev/index.html">3) First webapp</a></li><li><a href="deployer-howto.html">4) Deployer</a></li><li><a href="manager-howto.html">5) Manager</a></li><li><a href="host-manager-howto.html">6) Host Manager</a></li><li><a href="realm-howto.html">7) Realms and AAA</a></li><li><a href="security-manager-howto.html">8) Security Manager</a></li><li><a href="jndi-resources-howto.html">9) JNDI Resources</a></li><li><a href="jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">10) JDBC DataSources</a></li><li><a href="class-loader-howto.html">11) Classloading</a></li><li><a href="jasper-howto.html">12) JSPs</a></li><li><a href="ssl-howto.html">13) SSL/TLS</a></li><li><a href="ssi-howto.html">14) SSI</a></li><li><a href="cgi-howto.html">15) CGI</a></li><li><a href="proxy-howto.html">16) Proxy Support</a></li><li><a href="mbeans-descriptors-howto.html">17) MBeans Descriptors</a></li><li><a href="default-servlet.html">18) Default Servlet</a></li><li><a href="cluster-howto.html">19) Clustering</a></li><li><a href="balancer-howto.html">20) Load Balancer</a></li><li><a href="connectors.html">21) Connectors</a></li><li><a href="monitoring.html">22) Monitoring and Management</a></li><li><a href="logging.html">23) Logging</a></li><li><a href="apr.html">24) APR/Native</a></li><li><a href="virtual-hosting-howto.html">25) Virtual Hosting</a></li><li><a href="aio.html">26) Advanced IO</a></li><li><a href="extras.html">27) Additional Components</a></li><li><a href="maven-jars.html">28) Mavenized</a></li><li><a href="security-howto.html">29) Security Considerations</a></li><li><a href="windows-service-howto.html">30) Windows Service</a></li><li><a href="windows-auth-howto.html">31) Windows Authentication</a></li><li><a href="jdbc-pool.html">32) Tomcat's JDBC Pool</a></li><li><a href="web-socket-howto.html">33) WebSocket</a></li><li><a href="rewrite.html">34) Rewrite</a></li></ul></div><div><h2>Reference</h2><ul><li><a href="RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></li><li><a href="config/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="api/index.html">Tomcat Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="servletapi/index.html">Servlet Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="jspapi/index.html">JSP 2.3 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="elapi/index.html">EL 3.0 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="websocketapi/index.html">WebSocket 1.1 Javadocs</a></li><li><a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/">JK 1.2 Documentation</a></li></ul></div><div><h2>Apache Tomcat Development</h2><ul><li><a href="building.html">Building</a></li><li><a href="changelog.html">Changelog</a></li><li><a href="https://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Status</a></li><li><a href="developers.html">Developers</a></li><li><a href="architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li><li><a href="funcspecs/index.html">Functional Specs.</a></li><li><a href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></div></nav></div></div><div id="mainRight"><div id="content"><h2>SSI How To</h2><h3 id="Table_of_Contents">Table of Contents</h3><div class="text">
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<ul><li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li><li><a href="#Servlet_Configuration">Servlet Configuration</a></li><li><a href="#Filter_Configuration">Filter Configuration</a></li><li><a href="#Directives">Directives</a></li><li><a href="#Variables">Variables</a></li></ul>
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</div><h3 id="Introduction">Introduction</h3><div class="text">
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<p>SSI (Server Side Includes) are directives that are placed in HTML pages,
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and evaluated on the server while the pages are being served. They let you
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add dynamically generated content to an existing HTML page, without having
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to serve the entire page via a CGI program, or other dynamic technology.
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</p>
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<p>Within Tomcat SSI support can be added when using Tomcat as your
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HTTP server and you require SSI support. Typically this is done
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during development when you don't want to run a web server like Apache.</p>
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<p>Tomcat SSI support implements the same SSI directives as Apache. See the
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<a href="https://httpd.apache.org/docs/howto/ssi.html#basicssidirectives">
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Apache Introduction to SSI</a> for information on using SSI directives.</p>
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<p>SSI support is available as a servlet and as a filter. You should use one
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or the other to provide SSI support but not both.</p>
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<p>Servlet based SSI support is implemented using the class
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<code>org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIServlet</code>. Traditionally, this servlet
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is mapped to the URL pattern "*.shtml".</p>
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<p>Filter based SSI support is implemented using the class
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<code>org.apache.catalina.ssi.SSIFilter</code>. Traditionally, this filter
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is mapped to the URL pattern "*.shtml", though it can be mapped to "*" as
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it will selectively enable/disable SSI processing based on mime types. The
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contentType init param allows you to apply SSI processing to JSP pages,
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javascript, or any other content you wish.</p>
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<p>By default SSI support is disabled in Tomcat.</p>
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</div><h3 id="Installation">Installation</h3><div class="text">
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<p><strong>CAUTION</strong> - SSI directives can be used to execute programs
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external to the Tomcat JVM. If you are using the Java SecurityManager this
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will bypass your security policy configuration in <code>catalina.policy.</code>
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</p>
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<p>To use the SSI servlet, remove the XML comments from around the SSI servlet
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and servlet-mapping configuration in
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<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code>.</p>
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<p>To use the SSI filter, remove the XML comments from around the SSI filter
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and filter-mapping configuration in
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<code>$CATALINA_BASE/conf/web.xml</code>.</p>
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<p>Only Contexts which are marked as privileged may use SSI features (see the
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privileged property of the Context element).</p>
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</div><h3 id="Servlet_Configuration">Servlet Configuration</h3><div class="text">
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<p>There are several servlet init parameters which can be used to
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configure the behaviour of the SSI servlet.</p>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>buffered</strong> - Should output from this servlet be buffered?
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(0=false, 1=true) Default 0 (false).</li>
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<li><strong>debug</strong> - Debugging detail level for messages logged
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by this servlet. Default 0.</li>
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<li><strong>expires</strong> - The number of seconds before a page with SSI
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directives will expire. Default behaviour is for all SSI directives to be
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evaluated for every request.</li>
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<li><strong>isVirtualWebappRelative</strong> - Should "virtual" SSI directive
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paths be interpreted as relative to the context root, instead of the server
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root? Default false.</li>
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<li><strong>inputEncoding</strong> - The encoding to be assumed for SSI
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resources if one cannot be determined from the resource itself. Default is
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the default platform encoding.</li>
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<li><strong>outputEncoding</strong> - The encoding to be used for the result
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of the SSI processing. Default is UTF-8.</li>
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<li><strong>allowExec</strong> - Is the exec command enabled? Default is
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false.</li>
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</ul>
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</div><h3 id="Filter_Configuration">Filter Configuration</h3><div class="text">
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<p>There are several filter init parameters which can be used to
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configure the behaviour of the SSI filter.</p>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>contentType</strong> - A regex pattern that must be matched before
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SSI processing is applied. When crafting your own pattern, don't forget that a
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mime content type may be followed by an optional character set in the form
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"mime/type; charset=set" that you must take into account. Default is
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"text/x-server-parsed-html(;.*)?".</li>
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<li><strong>debug</strong> - Debugging detail level for messages logged
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by this servlet. Default 0.</li>
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<li><strong>expires</strong> - The number of seconds before a page with SSI
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directives will expire. Default behaviour is for all SSI directives to be
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evaluated for every request.</li>
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<li><strong>isVirtualWebappRelative</strong> - Should "virtual" SSI directive
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paths be interpreted as relative to the context root, instead of the server
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root? Default false.</li>
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<li><strong>allowExec</strong> - Is the exec command enabled? Default is
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false.</li>
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</ul>
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</div><h3 id="Directives">Directives</h3><div class="text">
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<p>Server Side Includes are invoked by embedding SSI directives in an HTML document
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whose type will be processed by the SSI servlet. The directives take the form of an HTML
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comment. The directive is replaced by the results of interpreting it before sending the
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page to the client. The general form of a directive is: </p>
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<p> <code><!--#directive [parm=value] --></code></p>
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<p>The directives are:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<strong>config</strong> - <code><!--#config timefmt="%B %Y" --></code>
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Used to set the format of dates and other items processed by SSI
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>echo</strong> - <code><!--#echo var="VARIABLE_NAME" --></code>
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will be replaced by the value of the variable.
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>exec</strong> - Used to run commands on the host system.
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>include</strong> - <code><!--#include virtual="file-name" --></code>
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inserts the contents
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>flastmod</strong> - <code><!--#flastmod file="filename.shtml" --></code>
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Returns the time that a file was lost modified.
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>fsize</strong> - <code><!--#fsize file="filename.shtml" --></code>
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Returns the size of a file.
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>printenv</strong> - <code><!--#printenv --></code>
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Returns the list of all the defined variables.
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>set</strong> - <code><!--#set var="foo" value="Bar" --></code>
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is used to assign a value to a user-defined variable.
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>if elif endif else</strong> - Used to create conditional sections. For example:
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<div class="codeBox"><pre><code><!--#config timefmt="%A" -->
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<!--#if expr="$DATE_LOCAL = /Monday/" -->
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<p>Meeting at 10:00 on Mondays</p>
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<!--#elif expr="$DATE_LOCAL = /Friday/" -->
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<p>Turn in your time card</p>
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<!--#else -->
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<p>Yoga class at noon.</p>
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<!--#endif --></code></pre></div>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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See the
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<a href="https://httpd.apache.org/docs/howto/ssi.html#basicssidirectives">
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Apache Introduction to SSI</a> for more information on using SSI directives.</p>
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</div><h3 id="Variables">Variables</h3><div class="text">
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<p>The SSI servlet currently implements the following variables:
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</p>
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<table class="defaultTable">
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<tr>
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<th>Variable Name</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>AUTH_TYPE</td>
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<td>
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The type of authentication used for this user: BASIC, FORM, etc.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>CONTENT_LENGTH</td>
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<td>
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The length of the data (in bytes or the number of
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characters) passed from a form.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>CONTENT_TYPE</td>
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<td>
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The MIME type of the query data, such as "text/html".</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>DATE_GMT</td>
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<td>
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Current date and time in GMT</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>DATE_LOCAL</td>
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<td>
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Current date and time in the local time zone</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>DOCUMENT_NAME</td>
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<td>
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The current file</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>DOCUMENT_URI</td>
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<td>
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Virtual path to the file</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>GATEWAY_INTERFACE</td>
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<td>
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The revision of the Common Gateway Interface that the
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server uses if enabled: "CGI/1.1".</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>HTTP_ACCEPT</td>
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<td>
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A list of the MIME types that the client can accept.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING</td>
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<td>
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A list of the compression types that the client can accept.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE</td>
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<td>
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A list of the languages that the client can accept.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>HTTP_CONNECTION</td>
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<td>
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The way that the connection from the client is being managed:
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"Close" or "Keep-Alive".</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>HTTP_HOST</td>
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<td>
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The web site that the client requested.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>HTTP_REFERER</td>
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<td>
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The URL of the document that the client linked from.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>HTTP_USER_AGENT</td>
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<td>
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The browser the client is using to issue the request.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>LAST_MODIFIED</td>
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<td>
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Last modification date and time for current file</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>PATH_INFO</td>
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<td>
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Extra path information passed to a servlet.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>PATH_TRANSLATED</td>
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<td>
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The translated version of the path given by the
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variable PATH_INFO.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>QUERY_STRING</td>
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<td>
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The query string that follows the "?" in the URL.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>QUERY_STRING_UNESCAPED</td>
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<td>
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Undecoded query string with all shell metacharacters escaped
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with "\"</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>REMOTE_ADDR</td>
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<td>
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The remote IP address of the user making the request.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>REMOTE_HOST</td>
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<td>
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The remote hostname of the user making the request.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>REMOTE_PORT</td>
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<td>
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The port number at remote IP address of the user making the request.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>REMOTE_USER</td>
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<td>
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The authenticated name of the user.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>REQUEST_METHOD</td>
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<td>
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The method with which the information request was
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issued: "GET", "POST" etc.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>REQUEST_URI</td>
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<td>
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The web page originally requested by the client.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>SCRIPT_FILENAME</td>
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<td>
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The location of the current web page on the server.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>SCRIPT_NAME</td>
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<td>
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The name of the web page.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>SERVER_ADDR</td>
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<td>
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The server's IP address.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>SERVER_NAME</td>
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<td>
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The server's hostname or IP address.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>SERVER_PORT</td>
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<td>
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The port on which the server received the request.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>SERVER_PROTOCOL</td>
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<td>
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The protocol used by the server. E.g. "HTTP/1.1".</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>SERVER_SOFTWARE</td>
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<td>
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The name and version of the server software that is
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answering the client request.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>UNIQUE_ID</td>
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<td>
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A token used to identify the current session if one
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has been established.</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div><div class="noprint"><h3 id="comments_section">
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Comments
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</h3><div class="text"><p class="notice"><strong>Notice: </strong>This comments section collects your suggestions
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on improving documentation for Apache Tomcat.<br><br>
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If you have trouble and need help, read
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<a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/findhelp.html">Find Help</a> page
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and ask your question on the tomcat-users
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